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Harry S. Truman, né le 8 mai 1884 à Lamar (Missouri) et mort le 26 décembre 1972 à Kansas City (Missouri), est un homme d'État américain, 33e président des États-Unis en fonction de 1945 à 1953.
- Présidence de Harry S. Truman — Wikipédia
La présidence de Harry S. Truman débuta le 12 avril 1945,...
- Tentative d'assassinat de Harry S. Truman — Wikipédia
La tentative d'assassinat de Harry S. Truman est survenue le...
- Présidence de Harry S. Truman — Wikipédia
A comprehensive biography of the 33rd president of the United States, who served from 1945 to 1953 and implemented the Marshall Plan, the Truman Doctrine, and NATO. Learn about his early life, military service, political career, foreign policy, domestic reforms, and legacy.
- Overview
- Early life and career
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Harry S. Truman served as the 33rd president of the United States from April 12, 1945, to January 20, 1953.
Under what circumstances did Harry S. Truman become president?
Vice President Harry S. Truman was sworn in as president of the United States on April 12, 1945, after the death of President Franklin D. Roosevelt, who died suddenly of a cerebral hemorrhage.
When did Harry S. Truman approve the development of the hydrogen bomb?
Harry S. Truman authorized the development of the hydrogen bomb in 1950 to maintain an arms lead over the Soviet Union. By the end of the decade, the United States and the Soviet Union had embarked on an arms race of potentially world-destroying dimensions.
What was Harry S. Truman's reaction to communist North Korea's attempt to seize noncommunist South Korea in 1950?
Truman was the eldest of three children of John A. and Martha E. Truman; his father was a mule trader and farmer. After graduating from high school in 1901 in Independence, Missouri, he went to work as a bank clerk in Kansas City. In 1906 he moved to the family farm near Grandview, and he took over the farm management after his father’s death in 1914. When the United States entered World War I in 1917, Truman—nearly 33 years old and with two tours in the National Guard (1905–11) behind him—immediately volunteered. He was sent overseas a year later and served in France as the captain of Battery D, a field artillery unit that saw action at Saint Mihiel and the Meuse-Argonne. The men under his command came to be devoted to him, admiring him for his bravery and evenhanded leadership.
Returning to the United States in 1919, Truman married Elizabeth Wallace (Bess Truman), whom he had known since childhood; they had one child, Margaret, in 1924. With army friend Edward Jacobson he opened a haberdashery, but the business failed in the severe recession of the early 1920s. Another army friend introduced him to Thomas Pendergast, Democratic boss of Kansas City. With the backing of the Pendergast machine, Truman launched his political career in 1922, running successfully for county judge. He lost his bid for reelection in 1924, but he was elected presiding judge of the county court in 1926, again with Pendergast’s support. He served two four-year terms, during which he acquired a reputation for honesty (unusual among Pendergast politicians) and for skillful management.
In 1934 Truman’s political career seemed at an end because of the two-term tradition attached to his job and the reluctance of the Pendergast machine to advance him to higher office. When several people rejected the machine’s offer to run in the Democratic primary for a seat in the U.S. Senate, however, Pendergast extended the offer to Truman, who quickly accepted. He won the primary with a 40,000-vote plurality, assuring his election in solidly Democratic Missouri. In January 1935 Truman was sworn in as Missouri’s junior senator by Vice Pres. John Nance Garner.
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He began his Senate career under the cloud of being a puppet of the corrupt Pendergast, but Truman’s friendliness, personal integrity, and attention to the duties of his office soon won over his colleagues. He was responsible for two major pieces of legislation: the Civil Aeronautics Act of 1938, establishing government regulation of the aviation industry, and the Wheeler-Truman Transportation Act of 1940, providing government oversight of railroad reorganization. Following a tough Democratic primary victory in 1940, he won a second term in the Senate, and it was during this term that he gained national recognition for leading an investigation into fraud and waste in the U.S. military. While taking care not to jeopardize the massive effort being launched to prepare the nation for war, the Truman Committee (officially the Special Committee Investigating National Defense) exposed graft and deficiencies in production. The committee made it a practice to issue draft reports of its findings to corporations, unions, and government agencies under investigation, allowing for the correction of abuses before formal action was initiated.
Learn about the life and achievements of Harry S. Truman, the 33rd president of the United States who led the country during World War II and the early Cold War. Find out how he became president, what he did in office, and what challenges he faced.
- Alfred Steinberg
A comprehensive overview of Truman's tenure as the 33rd president of the United States from 1945 to 1953. Learn about his foreign policy, domestic agenda, civil rights, Cold War, and legacy.
La présidence de Harry S. Truman débuta le 12 avril 1945, date de l'investiture de Harry S. Truman en tant que 33e président des États-Unis consécutivement au décès de son prédécesseur Franklin Delano Roosevelt, et prit fin le 20 janvier 1953.
La tentative d'assassinat de Harry S. Truman est survenue le 1 er novembre 1950 [1], [2], lorsque les militants indépendantistes portoricains Oscar Collazo (en) et Griselio Torresola (en) tentent d'assassiner le président américain Harry S. Truman alors qu'il réside à Blair House lors de la rénovation de la Maison-Blanche (en ...
In one of the greatest election upsets in American history, [2][3][4] incumbent Democratic President Harry S. Truman defeated heavily favored Republican New York Governor Thomas E. Dewey, and third-party candidates, becoming the third president to succeed to the presidency upon his predecessor's death and be elected to a full term. [c]
