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Dublin est le centre historique, politique, artistique, culturel, économique et industriel de l’Irlande. La population de la commune de Dublin est de 554 554 habitants au recensement de 2016 [2].
Dublin (⫽ ˈ d ʌ b l ɪ n ⫽ ⓘ; Irish: Baile Átha Cliath, pronounced [ˈbˠalʲə aːhə ˈclʲiə] or [ˌbʲlʲaː ˈclʲiə]) is the capital of the Republic of Ireland and also the largest city by size on the island of Ireland.
L'histoire de la ville de Dublin remonte à plus de 1 000 ans. Durant une grande partie de cette période, elle a été la principale ville et le centre culturel, éducatif et industriel d'Irlande.
Dublin est le centre historique, politique, artistique, culturel, économique et industriel de l’Irlande. Dublin est la plus grande ville de l'île d'Irlande et donc de la république d'Irlande, dont elle est la capitale.
- Founding and Early History
- Late Medieval Dublin
- 16th and 17th Centuries
- 18th and 19th Centuries
- Early 20th Century
- End of British Rule
- Independence and 21st Century
- See Also
- Notes
- Further Reading
The earliest reference to Dublin is sometimes said to be found in the writings of Claudius Ptolemaeus (Ptolemy), the Egyptian-Greek astronomer and cartographer, around the year 140, who refers to a settlement called Eblana. This would seem to give Dublin a just claim to nearly two thousand years of antiquity, as the settlement must have existed a c...
After the Anglo-Normans taking of Dublin in 1171, many of the city's Norse inhabitants left the old city, which was on the south side of the river Liffey and built their own settlement on the north side, known as Ostmantown or "Oxmantown". County Dublin was the first county in Ireland to be shired in the 1190s, and the city became the capital of th...
Dublin and its inhabitants were transformed by the upheavals of the 16th and 17th centuries in Ireland. These saw the first thorough English conquest of the whole island under the Tudor dynasty. While the Old English community of Dublin and the Pale were satisfied with the conquest and disarmament of the native Irish, they were deeply alienated by ...
From a medieval to a Georgian city
By the beginning of the 18th century the English had established control and imposed the harsh Penal Laws on the Catholic majority of Ireland's population. In Dublin however the Protestant Ascendancy was thriving, and the city expanded rapidly from the 17th century onward. By 1700, the population had surpassed 60,000, making it the second largest city, after London, in the British Empire. Under the Restoration, Ormonde, the then Lord Deputy of Ireland made the first step toward modernising Du...
Rebellion, Union and Catholic Emancipation
Until 1800 the city housed the Parliament of Ireland. While parliament was independent, both houses were the exclusive preserve of planters or Old English aristocracy. By the late 18th century, the Ascendancy class of Irish Protestants – who were mostly descendants of British settlers – came to regard Ireland as their native country. This 'Patriot Parliament' successfully agitated at Westminster for increased autonomy and better terms of trade with Great Britain and the Colonies. From 1778 th...
Late 19th century
After Emancipation and with the gradual extension of the right to vote in British politics, Irish nationalists (mainly Catholics) gained control of Dublin's government with the reform of local government in 1840, Daniel O'Connell being the first Catholic Mayor in 150 years. Increasing wealth prompted many of Dublin's Protestant and Unionist middle classes to move out of the city proper to new suburbs such as Ballsbridge, Rathmines and Rathgar – which are still distinguished by their graceful...
Monto
Although Dublin declined in terms of wealth and importance after the Act of Union, it grew steadily in size throughout the 19th century. By 1900, the population was over 400,000. While the city grew, so did its level of poverty. Though described as "the second city of the (British) Empire", its large number of tenements became infamous, being mentioned by writers such as James Joyce. An area called Monto (in or around Montgomery Street off Sackville Street) became infamous also as the British...
The Lockout
In 1913, Dublin experienced one of the largest and most bitter labour disputes ever seen in Britain or Ireland – known as the Lockout. James Larkin, a militant syndicalist trade unionist, founded the Irish Transport and General Workers Union (ITGWU) and tried to win improvements in wages and conditions for unskilled and semi-skilled workers. His means were negotiation and if necessary sympathetic strikes. In response, William Martin Murphy, who owned the Dublin Tram Company, organised a carte...
In 1914, after nearly three decades of agitation, Ireland seemed on the brink of Home Rule (or self-government), however, instead of a peaceful handover from direct British rule to limited Irish autonomy, Ireland and Dublin saw nearly ten years of political violence and instability that eventually resulted in a much more complete break with Britain...
Dublin had suffered severely in the period 1916–1922. It was the scene of a week's heavy street fighting in 1916 and again on the outbreak of the civil war in 1922. The casualties in Dublin of the revolutionary period from 1916 to 1923 come to about 1,000 dead – 482 killed in the 1916 Easter Rising, another 309 fatal casualties in the 1919–21 War o...
a Dublin City Council & its Millenniumc Dublin's Tram system was discontinued in the 1950s and its tracks taken up. However, in the early 2000s, a new tram system called the Luaswas installed at great expense. It was opened in 2004.Barnard, T. C. "'Grand Metropolis' or 'The Anus of the World'? The Cultural Life of Eighteenth-Century Dublin,' "Proceedings of the British Academy(2001), Vol. 87, pp 185–210.Boran, Pat. A short history of Dublin(Mercier Press, 2000)Boyd, Gary A. Dublin, 1745–1922: hospitals, spectacle and vice(Four Courts Press, 2006)Brady, Joseph, and Anngret Simms, eds. Dublin: through space and time (c. 900–1900)(Four Courts Press, 2001)Dublin est la plus grande ville et la capitale de l'Irlande. Elle a une population de 527 612 habitants . Dublin est connue pour jouer au cricket. Géographie [modifier | modifier le wikicode] La ville se situe vers le milieu de la côte est irlandaise, à l'embouchure d'une rivière appelée la Liffey. Histoire [modifier | modifier le wikicode]
Dublin attire des touristes du monde entier, il y a donc beaucoup de magasins de souvenirs dans le centre, essentiellement des gadgets et vêtements aux couleurs de l'Irlande (vert) ou de la bière la plus connue (Guinness). N'espérez pas trouver de produits de bonne qualité ou fabriqués en Irlande dans ces magasins.
