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4 sept. 2023 · Botulinum antitoxin, also known as botulism antitoxin, is comprised of antibodies or antibody antigen-binding fragments that block the neurotoxin produced by the bacterial species Clostridium botulinum. Botulinum toxin causes botulism, a paralytic syndrome classically characterized by symptoms of descending symmetric muscle weakness. Symptoms can include blurry vision, inability to speak or ...
2 janv. 2022 · Toxin–antitoxin systems were discovered in the 1980s as two-gene modules that promote the maintenance of conjugative plasmids1,2. Thorough characterization of two such modules encoded on the R1 ...
Bacterial toxin-antitoxin (TA) modules are abundant genetic elements encoding a toxin that inhibits cell growth and an antitoxin that counteracts the toxin. Harms et al. review recent developments in the field and highlight how multiple levels of regulation control toxin activation to accomplish the diverse biological functions of TA modules.
17 avr. 2024 · With antitoxin and modern medical care, people with botulism have a much lower chance of dying than in the past. Today, fewer than 5 of every 100 people with botulism die. Even with antitoxin and intensive medical and nursing care, some people with botulism die from respiratory failure. Others die from infections or other problems caused by ...
The antitoxin, a protein or RNA, sequesters the toxins of the TA system for neutralization within the bacterial cell. In this review, we have described different TA systems of bacteria and their potential medical and biotechnological applications. It is of interest to note that while bacterial toxin-antitoxin systems have been well studied, the TA system in unicellular eukaryotes, though ...
A toxin-antitoxin system consists of a "toxin" and a corresponding "antitoxin", usually encoded by closely linked genes. The toxin is usually a protein while the antitoxin can be a protein or an RNA. Toxin-antitoxin systems are widely distributed in prokaryotes, and organisms often have them in multiple copies.
antitoxine. Cet article est extrait de l'ouvrage « Larousse Médical ». Anticorps sécrété par les lymphocytes B (cellules du système immunitaire) au contact d'une toxine bactérienne et doué du pouvoir de la neutraliser.
